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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 23
Text: Q Living Memorial FITTING THE MEMORIAL TO THE CITY The needs of one community are not the needs of another. American communities, indeed, differ in
Show moreQ Living Memorial FITTING THE MEMORIAL TO THE CITY The needs of one community are not the needs of another. American communities, indeed, differ in character almost as much as they do in size. It is there- fore obvious that no general plan can be evolved, and no one type of building can be advocated by an outside agency. Rather, the building must be designed to meet specific needs. Just what these are will be best de- termined by a comprehensive survey, made preferably by a trained investigator who will understand how to bring together all pertinent facts bearing upon the prob- lem. Some of the outstanding facts to be determined are: the existing social institutions which meet community needs, their facilities and character, and the extent and breadth of their appeal; the commercial recreation centers, the character, diversity, and distribution of the population; the financial resources of the community; the city statutes governing buildings, and the control of social institutions. A detailed outline for such a survey (put in the form of a list of questions) is in- cluded in Bulletin Number 3 of this series, issued by the Bureau of Memorial Buildings. The result of such a survey will show that the big city offers one problem and the little town another. In the large city a central building housing all the com- munity social activities is out of the question. The Y. M. C. A., the theatres, the commercial “movie” palaces, the libraries, the clubs, the settlement houses, etc., fairly meet certain needs. Moreover, a home-like 21 �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 22
Text: ~ Community Buildings as Tar Memorials heretofore been centered exclusively in a few large cities. Already such organizations as the American
Show more~ Community Buildings as Tar Memorials heretofore been centered exclusively in a few large cities. Already such organizations as the American Federation of Arts and the Art Alliance of America have been in- terested in a plan to send out to community houses half a dozen exhibits each year. These traveling exhibitions would be representative of the best that American artists are creating in painting, sculpture, crafts work, in- dustrial arts, design, etc. They would reach a far wider audience than is now reached under any existing circuit or extension system. They would, indeed, make the best in art available to every community which has a community house and a responsible committee to han- dle the exhibits. By exhibits of local work, too, much could be accomplished in encouraging and developing the talent of resident artists and craftsmen. Permanent art exhibits would be added in time. By. sending out a questionnaire to all the people of the community, the Community House Committee can determine what specific activities will be of greatest in- terest. The recipient is asked to check from a printed list the forms of recreation in which he or she would take active part. Local directors of Community Service, Inc., have tried out such a scheme with great success, the demand for the formation of new tennis, billiard and bowling clubs, and dancing, music, and study clubs of various sorts coming from all ages and conditions of people. , | rs ee �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 19
Text: Q Libing Memorial Proposed Me- morial Build- ing to be erect- ed in connec- tion with the Memorial Playground at Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa. WilliamF
Show moreQ Libing Memorial Proposed Me- morial Build- ing to be erect- ed in connec- tion with the Memorial Playground at Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa. WilliamF. Gray, Archi- tect. Those in charge of the library or reading-room, which will find a place in most community houses, should get a complete catalog from the Government Printing Office, through which all manner of valuable printed material may be obtained either gratis or at a small cost. Such a library will render valuable service to the schools, as indeed will the entire community building with its fa- cilities, moving picture machines, and temporary and permanent art exhibits. ART ACTIVITIES There is a peculiar fitness in bringing the arts into the memorial program: if the war has really destroyed the old materialism and brought us an appreciation of things spiritual, then the arts, which in their highest form are essentially spiritual and creative, must have place in any balanced plan for the future. If the war has been one for democracy, then surely the music, 17 �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 21
Text: FA Living Memorial Billiard Room in the Com- munity House, La Jolla, Cal. theatre” groups which are doing so much to bring dra- matic art back into
Show moreFA Living Memorial Billiard Room in the Com- munity House, La Jolla, Cal. theatre” groups which are doing so much to bring dra- matic art back into the lives of the people. In them a new sort of community drama would soon develop; and this would also give impetus to the allied pageantry movement. It is not unlikely that circuits will be ar- ranged so that there could be an exchange of community theatre companies from town to town and special pro- grams to be given outdoors in rural communities. In- cidentally, with a nation-wide chain of community movie shows it does not seem too much to hope that we may eventually create a demand for more artistic mo- tion picture dramas. : By providing a room especially designed for art exhi- bitions or by arranging wall space properly lighted in one of the assembly rooms, much can be done towards bringing to the small town. some of the art life which has 19 �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 17
Text: A Living Memorial cd A Children’s Christmas Banquet at the Community House, La Jolla, Calif. This educational work has been limited by the lack of
Show moreA Living Memorial cd A Children’s Christmas Banquet at the Community House, La Jolla, Calif. This educational work has been limited by the lack of working centers. The community house will allow of its further development. There are thousands of women all over the country who became food specialists in military hospitals, canteens, clubs, etc., during the war, and who may naturally be expected to assume leadership in such programs, which may readily develop into child-feeding and school lunch experiment stations. Physical education activities in the community pro- gram will normally be included under the head of re- creation, since dull routine exercises are largely a thing of the past, except when they come under the head of corrective athletics. Where the new compulsory phys- 15 �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 16
Text: Community Buildings as Gar Memorials Garfield Lodge, a Social and Recreational Center in a City Park, at Grand Rapids, Mich. Food study groups and
Show moreCommunity Buildings as Gar Memorials Garfield Lodge, a Social and Recreational Center in a City Park, at Grand Rapids, Mich. Food study groups and domestic science classes under the auspices of women’s clubs, government demonstra- tion agents, etc., will in many places make the com- munity kitchen a practical asset. With the present world shortage of food, cooperative buying, cooking and canning merit careful study. Uneducated and un- trained mothers of families living in poorer sections of some of our cities have benefited greatly by coming to- gether in experiment kitchens, working under expert guidance, and carrying home with them products of their work which has cost them only the price of the raw material. | | 14 is F a : oF �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 11
Text: Q@ Living Memorial be complete without reference to the importance of wide verandas. They add, moreover, the all-important touch of homelike
Show moreQ@ Living Memorial be complete without reference to the importance of wide verandas. They add, moreover, the all-important touch of homelike attractiveness from an architectural point of view. Terraces and loggias are also features which may add greatly to the charm of the community building. | , RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES The more exacting modern life becomes, the more we realize the necessity for simple play, diversion, and or- ganized physical recreation. This is true not only for the man or woman at an office desk, but for the home and farm worker as well. We have just begun to sus- pect the place that folk-dancing and folk-games may play in community life, especially where various groups of foreign-born citizens appear in the costume of their native lands and in the dances and games of their fore- fathers. In addition to these, all sorts of physical re- creation activities for men and women may center around a gymnasium and a swimming-pool, billiard table, bowling alley and “rough house” room. The soldier will have pride in keeping up his high attainment of physical perfection and will furnish poten- tial leadership for a wide development of mass sports, athletics, and simple laughter-provoking games. Here is offered a splendid chance for the development of league tournaments, of business men’s and laboring men’s volley ball, indoor baseball, and bowling teams, which do so much to promote the spirit of comradeship among trade competitors. Here the growing girls and mature women may enjoy recreation facilities so much needed and so seldom found. They are eager to join 9 �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 13
Text: FA Libing Memorial — who went to war. If space permits, the playgrounds may provide for croquet, tennis, quoits, football, basket ball, baseball, etc.
Show moreFA Libing Memorial — who went to war. If space permits, the playgrounds may provide for croquet, tennis, quoits, football, basket ball, baseball, etc. Army training has converted clerks, sales- men, and street-car conductors into lovers of sport. Twilight athletic leagues are certain to prove popular. EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES Lyceums, Chautauquas, educational films, illustrated lectures on current topics, even university extension — courses made possible through the cooperation of the local school board, may well be given an important place in the programs of almost every community. World history and international politics are among the sub- _ jects which may be expected to claim the attention of all-intelligent people for some time to come. Where better than in open forums and public debates, wisely directed, can our country be made safe for de- mocracy? Such forums, where study topics may be re- viewed, and where all phases of momentous national problems may be discussed from every point of view, will perpetuate the spirit of the old town meetings of our sturdy pioneer days and help to keep democracy safe for the world. Where else will a community school of thought and expression be developed? What other fac- tor may be more powerful in bringing to our new citizens the meaning and the pride of citizenship? Every community house dedicated to democracy and to the promotion of sound Americanism will naturally be the centre for those citizenship activities which have itherto received the name “Americanization.” Facili- ies may properly be provided for: administrative ac- �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 15
Text: AQ Living Memorial a civic program, to the Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce, Boston, Mass. The community will have no greater responsibility than
Show moreAQ Living Memorial a civic program, to the Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce, Boston, Mass. The community will have no greater responsibility than the re-education service to wounded soldiers, and yet it is a work in which valuable assistance will be given from many sources. College courses and university ex- tension courses are made possible by the Government for men who can take advantage of them, and the Red Cross, the Knights of Columbus and other big national bodies are carrying out-comprehensive courses in crafts- manship, etc., for which the building may provide local headquarters. PUBLIC HEALTH EDUCATION Public health education may well center in the com- munity house. Peculiar problems are developing in relation to the returned soldier. Continuation treat- ment for shell-shock patients and those suffering from other war neuroses, should be a matter for thoughtful consideration. Overseas nurses and physicians, students of psychotherapy, and others with special training should be organized wherever possible to advise with the families of such patients. If necessary, a local com- mittee including at least two physicans, should give at- tention to protecting the patients from such common misunderstanding as results in their being classed with the insane, a stigma from which a sensitive man may never recover. Much valuable information on this sub- ject, prepared for lay persons, is available. Popular health lectures, free clinics and community nurses, are being provided for in many community centers. 13 �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 8
Text: Community Buildings as War Memorials welfare bureaus. To these activities may be added many others, less clearly outgrowths of the war, but equally
Show moreCommunity Buildings as War Memorials welfare bureaus. To these activities may be added many others, less clearly outgrowths of the war, but equally important as forces for community betterment and inspiration. The following program includes many activities which have been carried on successfully in community houses already in existence. It applies in general to the possibilities of the town or neighborhood community house rather than the more formal memorial auditorium of a larger city. The outline is intended to be inspira- tional and suggestive, rather than an arbitrary scheme offered wholesale to communities seeking guidance; but some of the five main lines into which it falls may be developed advantageously in almost every community. These are: civic, social, recreational, educational, art. CIVIC AND PATRIOTIC ACTIVITIES Surprisingly few cities or towns have adequate meet- ing-places for their non-political municipal activities. Mass meetings, large patriotic gatherings, etc., have to _ depend for the most part on borrowed churches or schoo! houses or rented theatres. The auditorium and as- sembly-rooms of the community house will not only fill the need but will encourage the freer coming-together of large and small groups of people for discussions of civic and general interest matters. Small rooms will be available for committee meetings and for the use of civic improvement clubs, public health and sanitation commissions, “better babies” bureaus, and kindred pur- poses. os Many non-partisan, non-sectarian organizations will : , �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 9
Text: Q Living Memorial logically find their home in the community — house. There is a peculiar fitness in its being the headquarters for the American
Show moreQ Living Memorial logically find their home in the community — house. There is a peculiar fitness in its being the headquarters for the American Legion, as for Community Service, the Red Cross, and similar bodies. The Chamber of Com- merce, the Rotary Club, the Kiwanis Club, the Boy Scouts, and other organizations promoting better com- munity life, may by special provision have their head- quarters here also. The Grange, the county welfare commission, the farm demonstrators, and whatever bodies represent the joint interests of the town and the surrounding country, or of the county as a whole, or tend to bring about a closer understanding between the farmer and the business man, should be specifically provided for. An information bureau may be included in the facilities of the building unless already conducted by the Chamber of Commerce or other agencies. Cer- tainly there should be rest-rooms and comfort stations for men and for women. A SOCIAL CENTER Under social activities come the community parties which in many localities may include the non-com- mercial dances. The building hostess and a committee of aides should preside at these gatherings. War Camp Community Service was the official agency through which camp towns demonstrated during the war the success with which such activities can be carried on, and how much they can contribute to a genuine and abiding community spirit. The proper introduction of partici- pants and the rules under which such social meetings may be conducted successfully, are problems which were 7 �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 7
Text: Q@ Living Memorial of all ages, will meet in the community house on equal footing. | Common needs not otherwise met will be provided here. Every
Show moreQ@ Living Memorial of all ages, will meet in the community house on equal footing. | Common needs not otherwise met will be provided here. Every community should have a central meeting- place bearing more than a casual relation to the popu- lation as a whole, for the celebration of civic festivals, the unofficial or social inaugural of municipal and state officials; for community sings, receptions to distin- guished guests of the city, meetings to welcome new citizens, whether enfranchised by naturalization, by legislation or by virtue of a recent, long-anticipated birthday; and, especially in the case of smaller towns, for a whole round of recreational activities, dramatic and art interests, and educational.programs. One of the first functions of a community house would be to provide this general meeting-place. In planning the recreational facilities of a community memorial building, it is necessary to consider the needs of all the groups of the community—adults, young people, and children, as well as the existing facilities offered by schools, churches, clubs, and kindred or- ganizations. While no group should be neglected, dupli- cation of already existing service is naturally to be avoided. ACTIVITIES CENTERING’ AT A MEMORIAL BUILDING As a “living memorial” the community building will find its most appropriate and, perhaps, most important function in carrying on the war-time ideals of service and democracy, through the centering there of the ac- tivities of war veterans’ societies, civic organizations and 5 �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 14
Text: Community Buildings as CHar Memorials The Commu- nity House at Perry Point, Md. Mann & MacNeille, Architects. tivities in connection with the
Show moreCommunity Buildings as CHar Memorials The Commu- nity House at Perry Point, Md. Mann & MacNeille, Architects. tivities in connection with the movement; adult classes in English; lectures in American history and institu- tions; classes preparing candidates for naturalization; a naturalization ceremony or civic ritual and reception to new voters, both foreign and native-born; pageants featuring the contribution of the foreign-born to Amer- ica, and, reciprocally, the privileges offered by American friendship; dances and social meetings arranged to bring the foreign-born and native-born into friendly con- tact; exhibits of the arts and crafts of the foreign-born; health programs and demonstrations in domestic oe arranged especially for the benefit of the foreign orn. , “Better Citizenship” committees will find many ex- cellent suggestions by applying to the Director of Amer- icanization, Bureau of Education, Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C., or, for a good example of 12 = + �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 12
Text: Community Buildings as Har Memorials Entrance Detail of the Englewood Neighbor- hood House, Englewood, N. J. An example of dignified architecture
Show moreCommunity Buildings as Har Memorials Entrance Detail of the Englewood Neighbor- hood House, Englewood, N. J. An example of dignified architecture combined with the inti- mate feeling of a club- house. Mann & Mac- Neille, Architects. swimming-classes and other phys- ical development groups, for the war has convinc- ed us of a condi- tion of general unfitness in wo- men as well as men. Quiet-game rooms may pro- vide opportunity for checkers, | chess, dominoes, whist and the “fireside” games, in which old and young take equal interest. Outdoor as well as indoor games may be developed. The grounds surrounding the building should always be laid out with an eye to beauty and symmetry. A foun- tain, a stone seat with fitting inscription, or an artist- ically sculptured flag-pole might well be erected here by some club or fraternity to commemorate its members 10 �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 10
Text: Community Buildings as Tar Memorials Main Lobby and Reading Room—the Community Hews eet Manchester, Conn. | satisfactorily solved in clubs, lodges,
Show moreCommunity Buildings as Tar Memorials Main Lobby and Reading Room—the Community Hews eet Manchester, Conn. | satisfactorily solved in clubs, lodges, -vacant stores, church basements, and school houses in camp towns all over the country by civilian men and women who acted during the war as volunteers in the Red Circle Service. A community kitchen will permit of refreshments be- ing served on special occasions in connection with these informal parties. Large assembly-rooms or auditoriums may be used for community banquets given in honor otf visiting celebrities or on special battle anniversaries of significance to local heroes. Both the women who served in service clubs and canteens at home and abroad, and the returned soldiers themselves will know how to be useful on the occasions of such public feasts. No mention of the social facilities and activities to be centered in and about the community house would �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 32
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 27
Text: ae A Living Memorial are clear and definite, as becomes a plain statement of business relations, and the judgment would be based on expert knowledge.
Show moreae A Living Memorial are clear and definite, as becomes a plain statement of business relations, and the judgment would be based on expert knowledge. There are thirty-nine chapters of the American Insti- tute of Architects, practically covering the whole coun- try, each chapter ready to advise those planning to build a community house. When the architect is chosen with- out competition, the plans should be submitted before adoption to the nearest chapter, acting as volunteer jury, for helpful criticism and suggestion. Or there are other professional tribunals, such as city or state art commis- sions, or representatives of the war memorial committee of the American Federation of Arts, ready to give valu- able assistance. Names of chapter secretaries of the American Institute of Architects and copies of the stan- dard form of competition program may be obtained by application to the secretary of the Institute, the Octagon, Washington, D. C., or the Bureau of Memorial Build- ings, W.C. C.S., 124 East 28th Street, New York, N. Y. The site in addition to being easy of access by road and car lines, should be large enough to give the build- ing ample light and air-space on all sides, and wherever possible to furnish an effective setting. The fact that at some future time enlargement may become desirable should also be kept in mind. Too much stress cannot be laid upon the necessity for choosing a location con- veniently situated in reference to the centers of popula- tion, for much of the successful service the house should perform depends upon this. As a public service building, the community house should be exempt from taxation. While some form of 25 �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 31
Text: to. Ir. 12. Community Buildings as Car Memorials Bulletins WHAT SORT OF WAR MEMORIAL? By Albert S. Bard. Advocating Community Houses as Memorials.
Show moreto. Ir. 12. Community Buildings as Car Memorials Bulletins WHAT SORT OF WAR MEMORIAL? By Albert S. Bard. Advocating Community Houses as Memorials. Illustrated. (Formerly published as Bulletin No. 4 of the National Committee on Memorial Buildings.) A LIVING MEMORIAL. Suggesting a program of community service, centering about a Com- munity. House, as the truest memorial; and outlining the social, re- creational, art and educational possibilities of the community building. (Published by War Camp Community Service, and as Bulletin No. 2 of the National Committee on Memorial Buildings.) THE PLANNING, MANAGING AND FINANCING OF MEMORIAL COMMUNITY HOUSES. Outlining a survey to determine the best type of building; suggesting forms of organization for local memorial building associations; and proposing methods of financing the erection and maintenance of the memorial. (Published in part in Bulletin No. 3 of the National Com- mittee on Memorial Buildings.) EXISTING COMMUNITY HOUSES. i Information about successful Community Houses; their architectural form and special features. Illustrated. EXISTING PUBLIC AUDITORIUMS. Descriptions of the most successful memorial and other municipal audi- toriums and assembly halls. Illustrated. PROVISION FOR ART, MUSIC AND DRAMA IN MEMORIAL BUILDINGS. Illustrated. PROGRESS OF THE MEMORIAL BUILDING MOVEMENT. Brief reports from towns and cities that have decided to erect buildings as war memorials. MEMORIAL FEATURES IN COMMUNITY BUILDINGS. Suggestions as to tablets, inscriptions, trophy rooms, historical archives, etc. Illustrated, THE ARCHITECTURE OF MEMORIAL COMMUNITY HOUSES. A collection of photographs, designs and plans, with descriptive text. THE ARCHITECTURE OF LARGE MEMORIAL BUILDINGS. Illustrated by photographs and plans of auditoriums and other memorial buildings suitable for larger cities. THE SCHOOL AND THE MEMORIAL COMMUNITY HOUSE. Combination and co-operation. REFRESHMENT FACILITIES IN MEMORIAL BUILDINGS. Technical suggestions as to arrangement and use. Single copies of these: bulletins will be gladly supplied upon request, when in stock; price in quantities, $3.00 per hundred. �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 28
Text: Community Buildings as Gar Memorials endowment is desirable, where other sources of regular revenue are not assured, the income need not be more than
Show moreCommunity Buildings as Gar Memorials endowment is desirable, where other sources of regular revenue are not assured, the income need not be more than sufficient to provide for the physical upkeep of the building—heating, lighting, repairs, janitor service, in- surance, etc. It would be a great mistake to endow activities which: otherwise might be self-supporting. Recreation, civic art, and educational progress ought to be a current charge upon the community, maintained by subscription, club membership fees, small admission charges to dances, moving picture performances, rentals and the like. Only by effort is success in any community enterprise assured, and only by a feeling of responsibili- ty is a true sense of proprietorship developed in the in- dividual. Endowment activities may become lifeless features no longer meeting community needs, even if they have done so in the beginning. In other words, poular interest must be maintained and living support provided for. WHERE TO GET INFORMATION AND AID The Bureau of Memorial Buildings of War Camp Community Service recently completed a preliminary survey of the memorial building field, with figures com- plete to September 12th. It shows that 281 communities have definitely decided upon war memorials in the form of buildings, and that several hundred more are seriously considering this type but have not announced definite decisions. The movement for the erection of these living tributes may now well be considered as an established public policy, and the Bureau of Memorial Buildings will here- 26 �
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Title: Community Buildings as War Memorials - Bulletin Number 2, p. 26
Text: Community Buildings as War Memorials THE BUILDING—PLANNING, DESIGNING, AND MAINTENANCE A memorial must be lasting. It is obvious that a memorial
Show moreCommunity Buildings as War Memorials THE BUILDING—PLANNING, DESIGNING, AND MAINTENANCE A memorial must be lasting. It is obvious that a memorial building should be so constructed as to last and to serve through coming generations. Hence the selection of location, design and material is most im- portant. It may be desirable so to plan the building that the facilities may be expanded to meet the increas- ing-needs of a growing community. In general the ma- terial should be enduring in character. In exceptional instances where local conditions dictate a frame build-_ ing, adequate provision should be made for the protec- tion of the distinctly memorial features, such as tablets, trophies, and historical records from the danger of fire. In old-established communities where there is an architectural tradition exemplified by the existing build- ings, the memorial should conform to their general character. In new communities without the back- eround of tradition, the dignity, good taste and heroic simplicity of the memorial structure could go far toward establishing a high architectural standard for the sec- tion to live up to. There should be no attempt at the ornate or pretentious, for this would be entirely out of keeping with the spirit of the structure. It is of im- portance to select the best architect available, and this selection may perhaps best be made through competi- tion. The American Institute of Architects furnishes a standard program for such competitions. By this means proper contractual relations are effected between the owner and the architect. The competition requirements 24 �
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